STATISTICS IN ADOLESCENTS

STATISTICS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN ADOLESCENTS

The almost unlimited supply of high energy density foods associated with sedentary lifestyles have led to the creation of an "obesogenic environment", the expansion becomes more evident, so in Ecuador, vital statistics show that four of the ten causes of death are diseases related to nutrition, affecting a significant number of both youth and adolescents (MSP, NUTRITION STANDARDS for primary prevention and management of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, 2011)

By contrast, the recommendations of international agencies such as WHO (World Health Organization), is aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles both nutritional and physical, they represent by far factors for future prevention and control cardiovascular diseases, until recently, were thought unique to adulthood.

Despite the legal backing to the establishment of the Republic, and several programs to promote physical activity in the community, has not yet been carefully evaluated, and fewer still have reported their experience in the international scientific literature for positive impacts in terms of reduced levels of physical inactivity and obesity in school adolescents, so the incentives promoted by educational units programs would enhance long resolving this problem (U.S. CDC, 2006, p. 3).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2008, 36 million (63%) of deaths worldwide are due to (NCDs). As cardiovascular disease is estimated that by 2030 the figure is about 25 million deaths, against 17 ​​million that occurred in 2008. It is that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death for all NCDs, followed by cancer and respiratory diseases. (WHO, 2012, p. 34).

A sedentary lifestyle and excess weight are mentioned in several studies as the direct cause of the epidemiological increase in non-communicable chronic diseases, although interventions to control do not seem to succeed (Diaz Saavedra, & Meza, 2007, p 3.).

In contrast , physical activity reduces the risk of many diseases and chronic conditions , is associated with low mortality and improves functional status and quality of life , hence the recommendation that all people can access a sports physical practice and most especially that children enjoy good experiences related to physical activity and sport as it is in this way that adherence to the sport throughout his entire life ( Haskell , Lee will be promoted , Pate, Powell , Blair, & Franklin , 2007) ( Telama , Yang, Viikari , Välimäki , Wanne , & Raitakari , 2005).

One of the major complications of obesity and sedentary lifestyle during the early life and adolescence is the problem persists into adulthood ( MSP , NUTRITION STANDARDS for primary prevention and management of overweight and obesity in girls, boys and adolescents , 2011, p. 45).

International agencies such as WHO (WHO Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health . 57th World Health Assembly , 2004 ) recommend promoting healthy lifestyles , both physically and food , where the educational institution is by far one of the means to achieve these objectives in young adolescents and strategic areas.

Within the global strategies of diet and physical activity promoted by WHO , the accumulation of thirty minutes of moderate physical activity throughout the day, most days of the week is recommended, with greater intensity if the aim is the weight reduction to normal levels , taking into account that physical activity is a determining energy consumption and weight (WHO Strategy on Diet, physical Activity and Health . 57th World health Assembly factor , 2004 ) .